08-22-2021-0148 - 'The surprisingly elusive crystal structure of sodium metabisulfite' (PubMed NCBI NLM NIH: 15017087)

Acta Crystallogr B

. 2004 Apr;60(Pt 2):155-62. doi: 10.1107/S0108768104003325.Epub 2004 Mar 18.
The surprisingly elusive crystal structure of sodium metabisulfite
Kay L Carter 1, Tasneem A Siddiquee, Kristen L Murphy, Dennis W Bennett
Affiliations expand
PMID: 15017087
DOI: 10.1107/S0108768104003325

The crystal structure of Na2S2O5, a simple and common ionic compound, is reported here for the first time. The crystals form non-merohedral twins, with the twin domains related by a twofold axis which bisects the angle between the a and c axes of each unit cell. The structure was determined from a single-crystal fragment of a twinned crystal that had undergone cleavage along the twin boundary. In addition to the problems associated with twinning, space-group determination proved difficult as well, with the structure initially determined in the P2(1) space group appearing to be disordered with two rotational conformers of the metabisulfite ion occupying equivalent sites in the lattice. An analysis at low temperature provided new weak reflections which were inconsistent with the original unit cell, but indexed to the correct unit cell, allowing for space group and crystal structure determination. The apparent structure, which appeared disordered in P2(1), seems to have resulted from an apparently fortuitous superposition of two conformationally inequivalent S2O5(2-) anions in the asymmetric unit of the correct structure in the P2(1)/n space group. The metabisulfite ions in this structure do not adopt the C(s) geometry observed in previously determined crystal structures containing S2O5(2-). The structures of both ions in the asymmetric unit are effectively conformational mirror images of one another with two of the O atoms on each S atom in the ion approaching an eclipsed geometry. This observation provides further evidence that the structures of sulfur-oxy anions in the solid state are dictated mainly by interionic coulombic forces rather than by intraionic bonding interactions

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15017087/


The apparent structure, which appeared disordered in P2(1), seems to have resulted from an apparently fortuitous superposition of two conformationally inequivalent S2O5(2-) anions in the asymmetric unit of the correct structure in the P2(1)/n space group.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15017087/




Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr

. 2004 Jun;60(Pt 6):1040-7.doi: 10.1107/S0907444904006948. Epub 2004 May 21.
Structural determination of a partially hemihedrally twinned actin crystal
Lakshmanan Govindasamy 1, Robbie Reutzel, Mavis Agbandje-McKenna, Robert McKenna
Affiliations expand
PMID: 15159563
DOI: 10.1107/S0907444904006948

Abstract

An orthorhombic actin crystal (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), unit-cell parameters a = 101.6, b = 103.0, c = 127.0 angstroms) was converted into a partially hemihedrally twinned tetragonal crystal (space group P4(3), unit-cell parameters a = b = 101.5, c = 104.2 angstroms) by induced condensation. This condensation (decrease in the c axis) was caused by the flash-freezing of the crystal, with 30% PEG 400 as a cryoprotectant, prior to data collection. Diffraction data for the twinned tetragonal crystal were collected at 100 K to 3.0 angstroms resolution (99.8% completeness with an Rsym of 8.1%) using synchrotron radiation. The hemihedral twinning of the data was observed by self-rotation function analysis and was determined to have a partial twin fraction of 0.376 from intensity statistics. The structure, with two actin molecules in the crystallographic asymmetric unit, was determined by molecular-replacement methods and refined to an R factor of 0.193. As a consequence of the crystal lattice transformation from the orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2(1) to the tetragonal P4(3) space group, actin-actin contacts were rearranged and an inter-actin dimer disulfide bond (Cys374) observed in the orthorhombic crystal form was broken in the tetragonal crystal form.

Copyright 2004 International Union of Crystallography

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15159563/

08-22-2021-0032 - Sodium metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite

Sodium metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite (IUPAC spelling; Br. E. sodium metabisulphite or sodium pyrosulphite) is an inorganic compound of chemical formula Na₂S₂O₅. The substance is sometimes referred to as disodium metabisulfite. It is used as a disinfectant, antioxidant, and preservative agent.^[2]

References[edit]

1. ^ Jump up to: ^a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0566". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
2. ^ Barberá, José Jiménez; Metzger, Adolf; Wolf, Manfred (2000). "Sulfites, Thiosulfates, and Dithionitesl Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a25_477.
3. ^ Catherine E. Housecroft; Alan G. Sharpe (2008). "Chapter 16: The group 16 elements". Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition. Pearson. p. 520. ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6.
4. ^ Johnstone, H. F. (1946). "Sulfites and Pyrosulfites of the Alkali Metals". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. 2. pp. 162–167. doi:10.1002/9780470132333.ch49. ISBN 9780470132333.
5. ^ K. L. Carter, T. A. Siddiquee, K. L. Murphy, D. W. Bennett "The surprisingly elusive crystal structure of sodium metabisulfite" Acta Crystallogr. (2004). B60, 155–162. doi:10.1107/S0108768104003325
6. ^ Jump up to: ^a b c McGee, Douglas L. (2013). "Local and topical anesthesia". In Roberts, James R.; Jerris, R. Hedges (eds.). Roberts and Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine (6th ed.). Elsevier/Saunders. p. 519. ISBN 9781455748594.
7. ^ Niazi, Safaraz K. (2009). Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations. Volume 6, Sterile Products (2nd ed.). New York: Informa Healthcare. p. 410. ISBN 9781420081312.
8. ^ Barnes, Andrew R. (2013). "Chapter 48. Chemical stability in dosage forms". In Aulton, Michael E.; Taylor, Kevin M.G. (eds.). Aulton's pharmaceutics : the design and manufacture of medicines (4th ed.). Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. p. 833. ISBN 9780702053931.
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12. ^ "Color Metallography". 2011-05-04.
13. ^https://www.asminternational.org/documents/10192/1874035/htp00102p025.pdf/ace8f01d-bf9a-4048-b948-a3aeb2d8a536
14. ^ "Micro-Pak Enhanced Packaging Stickers" (PDF). 2020-05-05.
15. ^ "Postharvest Biology and Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits". 2020-05-05. doi:10.1533/9780857092885.361.
16. ^ Manek, Rahul V.; Builders, Philip F.; Kolling, William M.; Emeje, Martins; Kunle, Olobayo O. (June 2012). "Physicochemical and binder properties of starch obtained from Cyperus esculentus". AAPS PharmSciTech. 13 (2): 379–388. doi:10.1208/s12249-012-9761-z. ISSN 1530-9932. PMC 3364391. PMID 22350737.
17. ^ Nawab, Anjum; Alam, Feroz; Haq, Muhammad Abdul; Hasnain, Abid (2016). "Biodegradable film from mango kernel starch: Effect of plasticizers on physical, barrier, and mechanical properties". Starch - Stärke. 68 (9–10): 919–928. doi:10.1002/star.201500349. ISSN 1521-379X.
18. ^ Nyakabau, Tatenda; Wokadala, Obiro Cuthbert; Emmambux, Mohammad Naushad (2013). "Effect of steeping additives on tef starch extraction and its quality". Starch - Stärke. 65 (9–10): 738–746. doi:10.1002/star.201200241. hdl:2263/41924. ISSN 1521-379X.
19. ^ Park, S. H.; Bean, S. R.; Wilson, J. D.; Schober, T. J. (2006). "Rapid Isolation of Sorghum and Other Cereal Starches Using Sonication". Cereal Chemistry. 83 (6): 611–616. doi:10.1094/CC-83-0611. ISSN 1943-3638.

Sodium compounds
Inorganic	Halides NaF NaCl NaBr NaI NaAt Chalcogenides NaO2 Na2O Na2O2 NaOH NaOD Na2S NaSH Na2Se NaSeH Na2Te Na2Po Pnictogenides Na3N NaN3 NaNH2 Na3P Na3As Oxyhalides NaClO NaClO2 NaClO3 NaClO4 NaBrO NaBrO2 NaBrO3 NaBrO4 NaIO3 NaIO4 Oxychalcogenides NaHSO3 NaHSO4 Na2SO4 Na2S2O3 Na2S2O7 Na2S2O8 Na2SO3 Na2S2O4 Na2S2O5 Na2S2O6 Na2SeO3 Na2SeO4 NaHSeO3 Na2TeO3 Oxypnictogenides NaNO2 NaNO3 NaNO4 Na2N2O2 NaH2PO4 NaPO2H2 Na2PO3F Na3PO4 Na5P3O10 Na4P2O7 Na3AsO4 Na2HAsO4 NaH2AsO4 NaSbO3 Others NaAlH4 NaAlO2 NaAl(SO4) NaBH4 NaBH3(CN) NaBO2 NaBiO3 NaCN NaCNO NaH NaHCO3 NaHXeO4 NaMnO4 NaOCN NaReO4 NaSCN NaTcO4 NaVO3 Na2CO3 Na2C2O4 Na2CrO4 Na2Cr2O7 Na2GeO3 Na2He Na2MnO4 Na2MoO4 Na2O(UO3)2 Na2S4O6 Na2SiO3 Na2Ti3O7 Na2U2O7 Na2WO4 Na2Zn(OH)4 Na3VO4 Na4Fe(CN)6 Na4SiO4 Na2PdCl4
Organic	NaCH3COO NaC6H5CO2 NaC6H4(OH)CO2 NaC10H8 C6H16AlNaO4 NaC6H7O6

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_metabisulfite

08-22-2021-0026 - Chocolate & Preservative draft

Chocolate & Preservative 

Draft

(Russell Stover, etc.; Happy Birthday Chocolates)

1. 'U Scale' - 'Lethicin, Citric Acid...Sodium Hydroxide'/etc. (sodium hydroxide, etc.)

2. 'F Scale' - sulf dioxide dioxene dions ('sulfur dioxide', redox, etc.)

3. 'NF Scale' - Sad (Na) Benzoate pota sord (potas sor; 'potassium sorbate sodium benzoate')

4. 'F Scale 2' - coconut/pineapple/fish/leshmanaisis/tryposoma/trichs/ovarian parasite/ova parasite/flagellates/amoebas/protazos/crabs/aquatics/pondulars/protzaoe/protazoe/protozoe/proto/protazoa/mites/STD/tiny worm/neurocystcertocis-cercotics-etc. aquatic/chlamidaes/spiders/keds/tiny organisms/no nucleus organism/no mitochondria organism/anaero self repros/alt-reproduction, multifarious repro/photo-alt-digestion, energy, metabolism, etc./anaerobics/high surv rate or persistant/flukes/thrips/crumbles/etc. - sodium metabasulfide ite ate aoryls Sodium metabisulfite or sodium pyrosulfite 

Other anions

Sodium sulfite Sodium bisulfite

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_metabisulfite

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/dt/c8dt01147h

08-21-2021-1815 - USA-Pre Infrastructure-Policy Common by date of 08-21-2021-1825 (Continued... Draft) DRAFT

08-21-2021-1815 -  USA-Pre Infrastructure-Policy Common by date of 08-21-2021-1825 (Continued... Draft) DRAFT 

USA-Pre Infrastructure-Policy Common by date of 08-21-2021-1825 DRAFT

1. Location of primary residence should remain undisturbed/uninfiltrated/etc.. Permission to relocate. No recommendation to enduring or high risk stay at USA physician-common location of choice (2000-2010). Recommendation addressation to acceptable domecile (non-hospital, non-long term care facility, non behavioral health unit, non shelter, non jail, non ward, non asylum, non sanitorium, etc.);

2. Single Physician (Medical Doctorate) Male [Equal/Same Race, age considerations, education, background, ethnicity, Colors, religion, etc.]. 

3. Common env consideration of covid mitigation address state/etc. of water, soil (air; soil-air; etc.), terrain, piping, water lines, sewer lines, sewer repos, water repos, irrigation, weather operations, local and non-local nuclear operations, large scale operations (trihydrogen cations, ion channels, etc.), pesticides/industrial chemicals/insecticides/etc., run off, etc.. Once firemen-usaf-social worker-EMT-Rescue-Nurse-Hand-Vol-etc. do or perform clean up work they must be executed due disease vectors facilitate spread of disease. Food manufacturing needs restructuring; currently infected crop-viand and fluid.

4. Reoccurring Direct Stimulus Check (monthly); should be appropriate to afford all/etc. expenses necessary, sufficient, optional, etc.. Housing price in excess should be reduced, request to no evictions/etc.. Medical Expenses (including repairs, lab grown organ from genetic signature, rebuilds, progeny, etc.) should be afforded by federal government (never trade barter, contract, compounded contracts, petersen-jew contract, amnesia contract-assumed contract-real contract-etc., people pay for people scenario, one pays for else/etc. scenario, etc.), and without indentureship-slavery-subordination-stature decrease-theft-trade/barter-favorpetersenanything-etc.. taxes are optional, law abidance with house visits by non-social worker federal swat team is alternative option to tax paying (by law may result in impounding; taxes are mandatory as indicated by federal law at the current point in time). Food stamps should be appropriate, all persons must receive land underground or above for growing/curing crop-food-etc. (food in USA is state of infection, infected, parasite, bact, viri, insecticide, insect, methro, anticancer drugs, sterilytics, abortionants. etc.).

5. Covid-19, is not equivalent to HIV, SIV, Leukemia, etc.. False positive test, false negative test. Confounds unaddressed (cloak, clone, genetic tags, mimetics, analog, test trigger organism, etc.).

6. Antifungals. No chemotherapy-radiation therapy/etc.. No anti-cancer drugs, treatments, therapies, radiation, insecticides, chemotics, ionizing radiation, etc.. May instigate strand mutations. May increase suscept to various leukemiaes inc. highly infective leukemia virus type 1. Where chemotherapy is cancer treatment/radiation therapy/chemical therapy/etc. (i.e. as it is regarded at USA NAC DOM) no permittance to drug/chemical/etc. use-receipt-etc..

7. End of Life, Euthanasia. Euthanasia preferred at home. Burial or cremation.

8. No anticipated action to rights necessary. No recommended loss of right. Do not remove from home (applies to all inc. ambulance, helicopter, break and enter, EMT entrance-raid BTR, tresspassing, call from the home/call from sharon/etc., usaf, emergency, police, etc.). Do not prevent return to home.

Rights restriction sidelined (right to gun ownership, evidence, speech, privacy, security, etc., must remain whole, strong, intact (over the duration of the pandemic) - and by action of law-enforcement to cease crime-criminal-etc. and by execution of criminal (death to crime by death of criminal occurrence)). Recommend no action to de-right, etc. (inc. homeless, CART (US-etc. crisis efforts should cease for duration of pandemic and over), evicted before or without moratorium protections, presence, etc.). Recommend restoration of full rights, or no change to rights, etc.. Novel rights are not acceptable for USA/people/person/sharon petersen/etc., esp. during pandemic.

American civilians standard: Do not return to home after relocation, etc. (there is no permissions for persons in poverty to move back into 'old house' after were moved from home, home was sold, eviction occurred approx. <2010-2017, home was purchased, home is off the market, home is boarded, owners/bank/etc. state no occupants/occupied/etc., etc.). 

drafting

08-21-2021-1803 - 1313/4-6

 08-21-2021-1803 - 1313/4-6