Romer's gap is an example of an apparent gap in the tetrapod fossil record used in the study of evolutionary biology. Such gaps represent periods from which excavators have not yet found relevant fossils. Romer's gap is named after paleontologist Alfred Romer, who first recognised it.[2][3] Recent discoveries in Scotland are beginning to close this gap in palaeontological knowledge.[4][5]
Romer's gap | ||||
−360 — – −355 — – −350 — – −345 — – −340 — – −335 — – −330 — – −325 — – −320 — – −315 — – −310 — – −305 — – −300 — – −295 — | ||||
Axis scale: millions of years ago.
Known fossil ranges.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romer%27s_gap
A ghost lineage is a hypothesized ancestor in a species lineage that has left no fossil evidence yet can be inferred to exist because of gaps in the fossil record or genomic evidence.[1][2] The process of determining a ghost lineage relies on fossilized evidence before and after the hypothetical existence of the lineage and extrapolating relationships between organisms based on phylogenetic analysis.[3] Ghost lineages assume unseen diversity in the fossil record and serve as predictions for what the fossil record could eventually yield; these hypotheses can be tested by unearthing new fossils or running phylogenetic analyses.[4]
Ghost lineages and Lazarus taxa are related concepts, as both stem from gaps in the fossil record.[2] A ghost lineage is any gap in a taxon's fossil record, with or without reappearance, while a Lazarus taxon is a type of ghost lineage wherein a species is believed to have gone extinct due to an absence in the fossil record, but then reappears after a period of time.[2] Examples of Lazarus taxa include: coelacanths and the Philippine naked-backed fruit bat.[5]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_lineage#/media/File:Ichthyosauria_phylogeny.jpg
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A ghost population is a population that has been inferred through using statistical techniques.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_population
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