The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War,[a] often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 January 1871, the conflict was caused primarily by France's determination to reassert its dominant position in continental Europe, which appeared in question following the decisive Prussian victory over Austria in 1866.[12] According to some historians, Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck deliberately provoked the French into declaring war on Prussia in order to induce four independent southern German states—Baden, Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse-Darmstadt—to join the North German Confederation; other historians contend that Bismarck exploited the circumstances as they unfolded. All agree that Bismarck recognized the potential for new German alliances, given the situation as a whole.[13]
| Franco-Prussian War (1870) | |||||||||
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| Part of the Unification of Germany | |||||||||
 (clockwise from top right)
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
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(before 18 January 1871) (after 18 January 1871) |
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
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Total deployment:
Initial strength:
Peak field army strength:
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Total deployment:
Initial strength:
Peak field army strength:
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| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
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144,642[4]
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| ~250,000 civilians dead, including 162,000 Germans in a smallpox epidemic spread by French POWs[4] | |||||||||
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War
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