03-20-2022-0016 - mirror nuclei physics isotope

In physics, mirror nuclei are a pair of isotopes of two different elements where the number of protons of isotope one (Z₁) equals the number of neutrons of isotope two (N₂) and the number of protons of isotope two (Z₂) equals the number of neutrons in isotope one (N₁); in short: Z₁ = N₂ and Z₂ = N₁. This implies that the mass numbers of the isotopes are the same: N₁ + Z₁ = N₂ + Z₂.

Examples of mirror nuclei:

Isotope 1	Z1	N1	Isotope 2	Z2	N2
3H	1	2	3He	2	1
14C	6	8	14O	8	6
15N	7	8	15O	8	7
24Na	11	13	24Al	13	11

Pairs of mirror nuclei have the same spin and parity. If we constrain to odd number of nucleons (A=Z+N) then we find mirror nuclei that differ from one another by exchanging a proton by a neutron. Interesting to observe is their binding energy which is mainly due to the strong interaction and also due to Coulomb interaction. Since the strong interaction is invariant to protons and neutrons one can expect these mirror nuclei to have very similar binding energies.^[1][2]

In 2020 Strontium-73 and bromine-73 were found to not behave as expected.^[3] 

References[edit]

1. ^ Cottle, P. D. (2002-04-12). "Excitations in the Mirror Nuclei 32Ar and 32Si". Physical Review Letters. 88 (17): 172502. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..88q2502C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.172502. PMID 12005747. Retrieved 2018-01-08.
2. ^ Kamat, Sharmila (2002-04-23). "Focus: Gazing into a Nuclear Mirror". Physics. American Physical Society. Retrieved 2016-04-11.
3. ^ Discovery by UMass Lowell-led team challenges nuclear theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_nuclei

In physics, mirror matter, also called shadow matter or Alice matter, is a hypothetical counterpart to ordinary matter.^[1]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_matter

Symmetry (from Greek συμμετρία symmetria "agreement in dimensions, due proportion, arrangement")^[1] in everyday language refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance.^[2][3][a] In mathematics, "symmetry" has a more precise definition, and is usually used to refer to an object that is invariant under some transformations; including translation, reflection, rotation or scaling. Although these two meanings of "symmetry" can sometimes be told apart, they are intricately related, and hence are discussed together in this article.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry

In mathematics, a geometric transformation is any bijection of a set to itself (or to another such set) with some salient geometrical underpinning. More specifically, it is a function whose domain and range are sets of points — most often both ${\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{2}}$ or both ${\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3}}$ — such that the function is injective so that its inverse exists.^[1] The study of geometry may be approached via the study of these transformations.^[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_transformation

In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical quantum of gravity, an elementary particle that mediates the force of gravitational interaction. There is no complete quantum field theory of gravitons due to an outstanding mathematical problem with renormalization in general relativity. In string theory, believed to be a consistent theory of quantum gravity, the graviton is a massless state of a fundamental string.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

The stress–energy tensor, sometimes called the stress–energy–momentum tensor or the energy–momentum tensor, is a tensor physical quantity that describes the density and flux of energy and momentum in spacetime, generalizing the stress tensor of Newtonian physics. It is an attribute of matter, radiation, and non-gravitational force fields. This density and flux of energy and momentum are the sources of the gravitational field in the Einstein field equations of general relativity, just as mass density is the source of such a field in Newtonian gravity.

Scalar field[edit]

Main article: Klein–Gordon equation

The stress–energy tensor for a complex scalar field ${\displaystyle \phi }$ which satisfies the Klein–Gordon equation is

${\displaystyle T^{\mu \nu }={\frac {\hbar ^{2}}{m}}\left(g^{\mu \alpha }g^{\nu \beta }+g^{\mu \beta }g^{\nu \alpha }-g^{\mu \nu }g^{\alpha \beta }\right)\partial _{\alpha }{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{\beta }\phi -g^{\mu \nu }mc^{2}{\bar {\phi }}\phi ,}$

and when the metric is flat (Minkowski in Cartesian coordinates) its components work out to be:

${\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}T^{00}&={\frac {\hbar ^{2}}{mc^{4}}}\left(\partial _{0}{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{0}\phi +c^{2}\partial _{k}{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{k}\phi \right)+m{\bar {\phi }}\phi ,\\T^{0i}=T^{i0}&=-{\frac {\hbar ^{2}}{mc^{2}}}\left(\partial _{0}{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{i}\phi +\partial _{i}{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{0}\phi \right),\ \mathrm {and} \\T^{ij}&={\frac {\hbar ^{2}}{m}}\left(\partial _{i}{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{j}\phi +\partial _{j}{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{i}\phi \right)-\delta _{ij}\left({\frac {\hbar ^{2}}{m}}\eta ^{\alpha \beta }\partial _{\alpha }{\bar {\phi }}\partial _{\beta }\phi +mc^{2}{\bar {\phi }}\phi \right).\end{aligned}}}$

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress%E2%80%93energy_tensor

In relativistic classical field theories of gravitation, particularly general relativity, an energy condition is a generalization of the statement "the energy density of a region of space cannot be negative" in a relativistically-phrased mathematical formulation. There are multiple possible alternative ways to express such a condition such that can be applied to the matter content of the theory. The hope is then that any reasonable matter theory will satisfy this condition or at least will preserve the condition if it is satisfied by the starting conditions.

Energy conditions are not physical constraints per se, but are rather mathematically imposed boundary conditions that attempt to capture a belief that "energy should be positive".^[1] Many energy conditions are known to not correspond to physical reality—for example, the observable effects of dark energy are well-known to violate the strong energy condition.^[2][3]

In general relativity, energy conditions are often used (and required) in proofs of various important theorems about black holes, such as the no hair theorem or the laws of black hole thermodynamics.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_condition (S)

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observable_universe   (WAD)

        https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baryogenesis (PET)

NF

In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy that affects the universe on the largest scales. The first observational evidence for its existence came from measurements of supernovas, which showed that the universe does not expand at a constant rate; rather, the universe's expansion is accelerating.^[1][2] Understanding the universe's evolution requires knowledge of its starting conditions and composition. Before these observations, scientists thought that all forms of matter and energy in the universe would only cause the expansion to slow down over time. Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) suggest the universe began in a hot Big Bang, from which general relativity explains its evolution and the subsequent large-scale motion. Without introducing a new form of energy, there was no way to explain how scientists could measure an accelerating universe. Since the 1990s, dark energy has been the most accepted premise to account for the accelerated expansion. As of 2021, there are active areas of cosmology research to understand the fundamental nature of dark energy.^[3]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_stress

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda-CDM_model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation_(cosmology)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave_background

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinor

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenstrain

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Boyle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hooke

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veterinarian

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedong

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigory_Mairanovsky

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiro_Ishii

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silversmith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacksmith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_arabia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cachexia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/anorexia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/anorexia_nervosa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/catabolism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/scale

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poison_laboratory_of_the_Soviet_secret_services

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nlab

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nikiya_anton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cloak

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/order

USA WOR

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untermensch

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_transplant

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Crimes_against_humanity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:International_criminal_law

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hierarchy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I

USA NAC

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observable_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baryon#Baryonic_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baryogenesis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_neutrino_background

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interacting_galaxy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_America

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samantha_Smith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mule

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petersen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramilitary

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Fascist_Party

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolsheviks

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinsmith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jews

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theft

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_trafficking

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoctrination

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Genetic_disease&redirect=no

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/genetic_disease

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neander

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_psychogenic_illness

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distortion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disorder

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/anabolism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/obesity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/polymerization

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/myristoylation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_trafficking#Trafficking_for_organ_trade

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_trafficking#Trafficking_of_children

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics_in_the_United_States#Genetic_engineering

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property_theft

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/order_of_events

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mental_illness

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/tampering

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/melt_down_nuclear

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/destruction_fabrication_of_evidence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/four_violence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stolen_children

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/due_process_of_law

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/chernobyl

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_invasions

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing_Massacre

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II

amcan

UWUSA NAC ASL V

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/levy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/trace

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backcrossing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/line_execution

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/genocide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_criminal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/substitution

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/double_connect_state_match

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/origin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/order

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/deletion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/remediation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/missing_person_origin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mass_trafficking

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/male

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/euthanasia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/number_ten_zero_range

hos ilp ~1980/79/90

UWUSA NAC ASL N

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/abduction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/implant

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/federal_government_USA_NAC_DOM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/break_enter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/amnestic_drug

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/distance_incapacitation_weapon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/civilian_government_USA_NAC_DOM

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/democracy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/female_assassin_bop_dop_no_name_grandfather-line_univ

hos ilp ~1980/79/90

1918

black rose

prus BW

<0000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Romanov

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/norway

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/petersen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/freckles

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/smith

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCL

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCD

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wade

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/genetic_disease

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/grayden

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/organ_piecing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/brown

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/brown_Wavy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/browning_ilip_gendis_brain

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/line_imposter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/relative_imposter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stolen_gene_(color,material,comp,structure)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/brown_Wavy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/german_indoctrinate_russian_mix_illegal_and_brown_steve_silvers_anabolism_layng_aziv_freckin_blindness_war_criminal_versus_assassin_disease transfer weight time and spread license activation with useless attack of key (MTINT key is nlab/dop/nik) and tampering evidence of the layng-aziv-usa-gang-nac-etc.-at false licensing and war request without document to dop bop russia asia middle east cellulose etc. (real versus stolen title inferior race in america with opportunity and backcrossing overweight rights versus mass trafficked dop in shell swap condition attempt by aformentioned gang to discredit head scientist foreign and conceal ip theft by inferior USA NAC) 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cost_to_redo_and_possibility_stunted_influences_subjects_with_Gen_dis_to_justify_derightation_by_dop_where_pursuit of dop by amcan et al., etc. post-mass trafficking of dop and conspiracy to facilitate circumstance evidenced

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/complete_license_sup_or_usurp_subversion_war-criminal_treason_terrorism_without_paramilitary_with_intellectual-selection_defense_capabilities_codes_and_code-breaker_auth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/inferior_line_identification_and_executions_with_no_evidence_nikiya_and_evidence-preparation_acquisition_restaging-and-action-choice-person-versus-victim_second-mass-trafficked_new_victim_third-victim-verification-retrograde-smith_reasoning_biases_distortion (not fallacy, error, mistake, fraud - see niks counterproof at voc)

ip weight and claims by counterparty weight with delay and holding conditions justification with outcome weight of death with no missing child id or setup match by assassin to reproduce crime and identify missing assailants

gureilla and paramilitary versus CIA FBI USAF SSF ETC.

rome

romanov

romania

etc.

illegality of the word fuck argument by head scientist at freckin blind (SSF NLAB <1500; ref tbr and tag weights key con cap)

ranking by appearance method of dop and weight of theft levied to prevent escalation with escape unncessary of genetic disease and backcrossing, the amnestic versus the staging of revelation or CIA intervention with brief and discrimination identification privilege with accuracy on recall to sanction unk where cost of illegitimate access of ilp at nac dom and count with analysis to group and execute perm

accident or unintelligent with stip lead at USA NAC

circumstance and lesson of no-trafficking/etc. premise and cost to USA self-imposed by choice to MT. danger of conspiracy by USA to conceal action to live and steal.

misunderstanding of peace by civ amcan usa nac at SWP versus bettey dvm and nlab at nuclear warefare proponents and no-hostage, prisoner, trafficking, slavery, peonage, etc. practices (euthanasia only). thee who cannot afford willing are unfit to live. thou shalt not suffer to live.

draft drafting