Phosphorylcholine (abbreviated ChoP) is the hydrophilic polar head group of some phospholipids, which is composed of a negatively charged phosphate bonded to a small, positively charged choline group. Phosphorylcholine is part of platelet-activating factor; the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine as well as sphingomyelin, the only phospholipid of the membrane that is not built with a glycerol backbone.[1] Treatment of cell membranes, like those of RBCs, by certain enzymes, like some phospholipase A2renders the phosphorylcholine moiety exposed to the external aqueous phase, and thus accessible for recognition by the immune system.[2] Antibodies against phosphorylcholine are naturally occurring autoantibodies that are created by CD5+/B-1 B cells and are referred to as non-pathogenic autoantibodies.[3]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorylcholine
A phosphor is a substance that exhibits the phenomenon of luminescence; it emits light when exposed to some type of radiant energy. The term is used both for fluorescent or phosphorescent substances which glow on exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, and cathodoluminescent substances which glow when struck by an electron beam (cathode rays) in a cathode ray tube.
When a phosphor is exposed to radiation, the orbital electrons in its molecules are excited to a higher energy level; when they return to their former level they emit the energy as light of a certain color. Phosphors can be classified into two categories: fluorescent substances which emit the energy immediately and stop glowing when the exciting radiation is turned off, and phosphorescent substances which emit the energy after a delay, so they keep glowing after the radiation is turned off, decaying in brightness over a period of milliseconds to days.
Fluorescent materials are used in applications in which the phosphor is excited continuously: cathode ray tubes (CRT) and plasma video display screens, fluoroscope screens, fluorescent lights, scintillation sensors, and white LEDs, and luminous paints for black light art. Phosphorescent materials are used where a persistent light is needed, such as glow-in-the-dark watch faces and aircraft instruments, and in radar screens to allow the target 'blips' to remain visible as the radar beam rotates. CRT phosphors were standardized beginning around World War II and designated by the letter "P" followed by a number.
Phosphorus, the light-emitting chemical element for which phosphors are named, emits light due to chemiluminescence, not phosphorescence.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Codeine-phosphate
Phosphor
Phosphors are a class of luminescent material, which absorb electromagnetic radiation and re-emit it at a longer wavelength.
From: Computer Vision Technology in the Food and Beverage Industries, 2012
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/phosphor
Phosphor
Phosphors are materials that have the ability to absorb the high energy (short wavelength) emitted by the LED chip and down-convert them into lower energy (longer wavelength).
From: Treatise on Process Metallurgy: Industrial Processes, 2014
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/phosphor
Phosphor, solid material that emits light, or luminesces, when exposed to radiation such as ultraviolet light or an electron beam. Hundreds of thousands of phosphors have been synthesized, each one having its own characteristic colour of emission and period of time during which light is emitted after excitation ceases. When certain phosphors luminesce from electron excitation, the process is called electroluminescence, and these phosphors are used in the production of television screens and computer monitors. Phosphors excited by ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation are used principally in the so-called fluorescent lamps commonly employed for general illumination.
https://www.britannica.com/science/phosphor
Codeine phosphate is a common ingredient of many medicinal preparations. Codeine lacks efficacy for severe pain, and its use is therefore restricted for mild-to-moderate pain reliefand for cough.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/codeine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethazine
https://www.dovepress.com/reversible-small-molecule-inhibitors-of-mao-a-and-mao-b-with-anilide-m-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DDDT
http://www.drugs.ie/resourcesfiles/guides/Psychoactive_substances_low_res.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328183511_Monoamine_oxidase-A_promotes_protective_autophagy_in_human_SH-SY5Y_neuroblastoma_cells_through_Bcl-2_phosphorylation
https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/2/gp/antibiotic-prescribing/drug-interactions/antimicrobial-drug-interactionstable220716.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028390819303764
https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/12338/ACSnsManuscriptFMPAacc15dec2016.pdf;jsessionid=7AD78BBBDED3ACC85C590BE8B4A1BD53?sequence=1
https://accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1592/phco.20.15.1229.34588
https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2589149
https://egrove.olemiss.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2799&context=hon_thesis
Abbreviations: 4HNE, 4-hydroxy-2-nonena 1; AA-NAT, arylalkylamine N-acetylatransferase; AFMK, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5- methoxykynuramine; AHr, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; AMK, N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine; Apo, apolipoprotein; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; B2-adr, beta2-adrenergic receptor; BBBp, blood–brain barrier permeability; BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor; EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; FTO, fat mass and obesity-associated; GA, glatiramer acetate; GSH, glutathione; HIOMT, hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase; IDO, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase; IL, interleukin; IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; KYNA, kynurenic acid; LIF, leukaemia inhibitory facto; LXR, liver X receptor; MAOi, monoamine oxidase inhibitor; MeCP2, methyl-CpG-binding protein 2; miR, microRNA; MTr, melatonin receptor; NAS, N-acetylserotonin; NE, norepinephrine; NF-κΒ, nuclear factor-kappa beta; NK, natural killer; NK- 1r, neurokinin-1 receptor; O&NS, oxidative and nitrosative stress; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator- 1alpha; RegT, regulatory T cells; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; SMase, sphingomyelinase; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; SubP, substance P; Th, T-helper; TIMP 1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-; TLR, toll-like receptor; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; TrkB, tyrosine receptor kinase beta; TRYCAT, tryptophan catabolites; YY1, yin yang 1
nCorresponding author. Tel.: +447 4321 38769.
E-mail address: anderson.george@rocketmail.com (G. Anderson).
https://www.msard-journal.com/article/S2211-0348(14)00352-6/pdf
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