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Sunday, August 27, 2023

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https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stay

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

stay

Pronunciation

enPR: stā, IPA^(key): /steɪ/
Audio (US) 0:01
Rhymes: -eɪ

Etymology 1

From Middle English steyen, staien, from Old French estayer, estaier (“to fix, prop up, support, stay”), from estaye, estaie (“a prop, stay”), from Middle Dutch staeye (“a prop, stay”), a contracted form of staede, stade (“a prop, stay, help, aid”) (compare Middle Dutch staeyen, staeden (“to make firm, stay, support, hold still, stabilise”)), from Frankish *stadi (“a site, place, location, standing”), from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“a standing, place”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“standing”). Influenced by Old English stæġ ("a stay, rope"; see below). Cognate with Old English stede, stæde (“a place, spot, locality, fixed position, station, site, standing, status, position of a moving body, stopping, standing still, stability, fixity, firmness, steadfastness”), Swedish stödja (“to prop, support, brace, hold up, bolster”), Icelandic stöðug (“continuous, stable”). More at stead, steady.

Sense of "remain, continue" may be due to later influence from Old French ester, esteir (“to stand, be, continue, remain”), from Latin stāre (“stand”), from the same Proto-Indo-European root above; however, derivation from this root is untenable based on linguistic and historical grounds^[1].

An alternative etymology derives Old French estaye, estaie, from Frankish *stakā, *stakō (“stake, post”), from Proto-Germanic *stakô (“stake, bar, stick, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“rod, pole, stick”), making it cognate with Old English staca (“pin, stake”), Old English stician (“to stick, be placed, lie, remain fixed”). Cognate with Albanian shtagë (“a long stick, a pole”). More at stake, stick.

Verb

stay (third-person singular simple present stays, present participle staying, simple past and past participle stayed or (obsolete) staid)

(transitive) To prop; support; sustain; hold up; steady.

Wear gloves so your hands stay warm.
(intransitive, Scotland, South Africa, India, Southern US, African-American Vernacular, colloquial) To live; reside
Hey, where do you stay at?

Synonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

(prop; support; sustain): bear, prop up, uphold
(stop; detain; hinder): See also Thesaurus:hinder
(restrain; withhold; check): curb; repress, stifle; See also Thesaurus:curb
(cause to cease): cancel, cease, discontinue, halt, stop, terminate; See also Thesaurus:end
(put off; defer; postpone): See also Thesaurus:procrastinate
(bear up under): endure, resist; See also Thesaurus:persevere
(wait for): await, wait for, wait on; See also Thesaurus:wait for
(rest; depend; rely): See also Thesaurus:rely
(come to a stand or standstill): blin, brake, desist, halt, stop; See also Thesaurus:stop
(come to an end): cease; See also Thesaurus:desist or Thesaurus:end
(dwell; linger; tarry; wait): See also Thesaurus:tarry
(make a stand): contend, break a lance, stand firm, take a stand
(last or persevere to the end): See also Thesaurus:persist
(remain in a particular place): abide, sojourn; See also Thesaurus:sojourn
(rest in patience or expectation): wait; See also Thesaurus:wait
(wait as an attendant): attend, bestand, serve; See also Thesaurus:serve
(continue to have a particular quality): continue, keep, remain; See also Thesaurus:remain
(live; reside): See also Thesaurus:reside

Derived terms

Terms derived from stay (verb)

Translations

to remain in a particular place

to continue to have a particular quality

to postpone

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Noun

stay (plural stays)

Continuance or a period of time spent in a place; abode for an indefinite time.

Derived terms

Translations

residence, sojourn

postponement, esp. of a punishment

stop, halt, break of action

fixed state, stability

nautical: station or fixed anchorage for vessels

restraint of passion, prudence, moderation

hindrance, let, check

References

^ Whitney, Century Dictionary and Encyclopedia, stay.

Etymology 2

From Middle English stay, from Old French estaye, estaie (“a prop, a stay”), from Middle Dutch staeye (“a prop, stay”), a contracted form of staede, stade ("a prop, stay, help, aid"; compare Middle Dutch staeyen, staeden (“to make firm, stay, support, hold still, stabilise”)), from Old Dutch *stad (“a site, place, location, standing”), from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“a standing, place”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). See above.

Noun

stay (plural stays)

A prop; a support.

(archaic) A fastening for a garment; a hook; a clasp; anything to hang another thing on.

Derived terms

Translations

prop, support

piece of stiff material to stiffen a piece of clothing

corset — see corset

hook, clasp, anything to hang another thing on

Etymology 3

From Middle English stay, from Old English stæġ (“stay, a rope supporting a mast”), from Proto-Germanic *stagą (“stay, rope”), from Proto-Indo-European *stek-, *stāk- (“stand, pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Dutch stag (“stay”), German Stag (“stay”), Swedish stag (“stay”), Icelandic stag (“stay”).

Noun

stay (plural stays)

(nautical) A strong rope or wire supporting a mast, and leading from one masthead down to some other, or other part of the vessel.
A guy, rope, or wire supporting or stabilizing a platform, such as a bridge, a pole, such as a tentpole, the mast of a derrick, or other structural element.
The engineer insisted on using stays for the scaffolding.
The transverse piece in a chain-cable link.

Synonyms

mastrope

Hyponyms

(rope supporting a mast): backstay, forestay, mainstay, triatic stay

Derived terms

Terms derived from stay (noun)

Translations

nautical: strong rope supporting a mast

guy, rope, or wire supporting a structural element

transverse piece in a chain-cable link

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Verb

stay (third-person singular simple present stays, present participle staying, simple past and past participle stayed)

To brace or support with a stay or stays
stay a mast
(transitive, nautical) To incline forward, aft, or to one side by means of stays.
(transitive, nautical) To tack; put on the other tack.
to stay ship
(intransitive, nautical) To change; tack; go about; be in stays, as a ship.

References

^ Esperanto Plena Vortaro http://vortaro.net/#stajo

Etymology 4

From Middle English *steȝe, from Old English *stǣġe, an apocopated variant of stǣġel (“steep, abrupt”), from Proto-Germanic *staigilaz (“climbing, ascending, sloping, steep”), see sty.