08-31-2021-1749 - Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus or NPSLE lupus autoimmune disease immunology immune NAT nat neurocystcercosis neurosarcodoisis Neurosarcoidosis

 Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus or NPSLE refers to the neurological and psychiatricmanifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. SLE is a disease in which the immune system attacks the body's own cells and tissues. It can affect various organs or systems of the body. It is estimated that over half of people with SLE have neuropsychiatric involvement.^[1]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropsychiatric_systemic_lupus_erythematosus

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Other names	CNS lupus, lupus cerebritis
Specialty	Rheumatology, Neurology

The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) has outlined 19 syndromes that are seen in NPSLE. These syndromes encompass disorders of the centraland peripheral nervous systems:^[2]

Central nervous system Aseptic meningitis Cerebrovascular disease Demyelinating syndrome Headache Movement disorder Myelopathy Seizure disorders Acute confusional state Anxiety disorder Cognitive dysfunction Mood disorder Psychosis

Peripheral nervous system Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy Autonomic disorder Mononeuropathy (single/multiplex) Myasthenia gravis Cranial neuropathy Plexopathy Polyneuropathy

Each of the 19 syndromes are also stand-alone diagnoses, which can occur with or without lupus.

The majority of cases involve the central nervous system (CNS), which consists of the brain and spinal cord.^[2] The most common CNS syndromes are headache and mood disorder.^[1]

Though neuropsychiatric lupus is sometimes referred to as "CNS lupus", it can also affect the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Between 10-15% of people with NPSLE have PNS involvement.^[3] Mononeuropathy and polyneuropathy are the most common PNS syndromes.^[1]

Other syndromes[edit]

Some neurological syndromes outside of the ACR classification may also be considered NPSLE manifestations. These include neuromyelitis optica, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, small fiber neuropathy,^[4] and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome.^[5]