Trypan blue is an azo dye. It is a direct dye for cotton textiles.[3] In biosciences, it is used as a vital stain to selectively colour dead tissuesor cells blue.
Live cells or tissues with intact cell membranes are not coloured. Since cells are very selective in the compounds that pass through the membrane, in a viable cell trypan blue is not absorbed; however, it traverses the membrane in a dead cell. Hence, dead cells appear as a distinctive blue colour under a microscope. Since live cells are excluded from staining, this staining method is also described as a dye exclusion method.
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name (3Z,3'Z)-3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)di(1Z)hydrazin-2-yl-1-ylidene]bis(5-amino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydronaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid) |
Trypan blue is derived from toluidine, that is, any of several isomeric bases, C14H16N2, derived from toluene. Trypan blue is so-called because it can kill trypanosomes, the parasites that cause sleeping sickness. An analog of trypan blue, suramin, is used pharmacologically against trypanosomiasis. Trypan blue is also known as diamine blue and Niagara blue.
The extinction coefficient for trypan blue is 6⋅104 M−1 cm−1 at 607 nm in methanol.[4]
Trypan red and trypan blue were first synthesized by the German scientist Paul Ehrlich in 1904.
Synonyms[edit]
- Azidine blue 3B
- Benzamine blue 3B
- Benzo Blue bB
- Chlorazol blue 3B
- Diamine blue 3B
- Dianil blue H3G
- Direct blue 14
- Niagara blue 3B
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypan_blue
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