Bluetongue disease is a noncontagious, insect-borne, viral disease of ruminants, mainly sheep and less frequently cattle,[1]yaks,[2] goats, buffalo, deer, dromedaries, and antelope. It is caused by Bluetongue virus (BTV). The virus is transmitted by the midges Culicoides imicola, Culicoides variipennis, and other culicoids.
Bluetongue virus | |
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Electron micrograph of Bluetongue virus, cale bar = 50 nm | |
Virus classification | |
(unranked): | Virus |
Realm: | Riboviria |
Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
Phylum: | Duplornaviricota |
Class: | Resentoviricetes |
Order: | Reovirales |
Family: | Reoviridae |
Genus: | Orbivirus |
Species: | Bluetongue virus |
African horse sickness is related to bluetongue and is spread by the same midges (Culicoides species). It can kill the horses it infects and mortality may go as high as 90% of the infected horses during an epidemic.[31]
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus is closely related and crossreacts with Bluetongue virus on many blood tests.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetongue_disease
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