Chemical biology is a scientific discipline spanning the fields of chemistry and biology. The discipline involves the application of chemical techniques, analysis, and often small molecules produced through synthetic chemistry, to the study and manipulation of biological systems. In contrast to biochemistry, which involves the study of the chemistry of biomolecules and regulation of biochemical pathways within and between cells, chemical biology deals with chemistry applied to biology (synthesis of biomolecules, simulation of biological systems etc.).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_biology
Biochemistry or biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.[1] A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and metabolism. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become successful at explaining living processes through these three disciplines. Almost all areas of the life sciences are being uncovered and developed through biochemical methodology and research.[2] Biochemistry focuses on understanding the chemical basis which allows biological molecules to give rise to the processes that occur within living cells and between cells,[3] in turn relating greatly to the understanding of tissuesand organs, as well as organism structure and function.[4] Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, which is the study of the molecular mechanisms of biological phenomena.[5]
Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions, and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. They provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life.[6]The chemistry of the cell also depends upon the reactions of small molecules and ions. These can be inorganic (for example, water and metal ions) or organic (for example, the amino acids, which are used to synthesize proteins).[7] The mechanisms used by cells to harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of diseases.[8] Nutrition studies how to maintain health and wellness and also the effects of nutritional deficiencies.[9] In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers. Improving crop cultivation, crop storage, and pest control are also goals.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry
Molecular biology /məˈlɛkjʊlər/ is the branch of biology that concerns the molecularbasis of biological activity in and between cells, including molecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms and interactions.[1][2] The central dogma of molecular biology describes the process in which DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.[2][3]
William Astbury described molecular biology in 1961 in Nature, as:
Some clinical research and medical therapies arising from molecular biology are covered under gene therapy whereas the use of molecular biology or molecular cell biology in medicine is now referred to as molecular medicine. Molecular biology also plays important role in understanding formations, actions, and regulations of various parts of cells which can be used to efficiently target new drugs, diagnose disease, and understand the physiology of the cell.[5]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_biology
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function and behavior of cells.[1][2] Cell biology encompasses both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and can be divided into many sub-topics which may include the study of cell metabolism, cell communication, cell cycle, biochemistry, and cell composition. The study of cells is performed using several techniques such as cell culture, various types of microscopy, and cell fractionation. These have allowed for and are currently being used for discoveries and research pertaining to how cells function, ultimately giving insight into understanding larger organisms. Knowing the components of cells and how cells work is fundamental to all biological sciences while also being essential for research in biomedical fields such as cancer, and other diseases. Research in cell biology is interconnected to other fields such as genetics, molecular genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, medical microbiology, immunology, and cytochemistry.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology
Template: Branches of Chemistry (part)
Organic
Biochemistry Molecular biology Cell biology Bioorganic chemistry Chemical biology Bioorthogonal chemistry Clinical chemistry Neurochemistry Biophysical chemistry
Stereochemistry Alkane stereochemistry Physical organic chemistry Organic reaction Retrosynthetic analysis Enantioselective synthesis Total synthesis / Semisynthesis Medicinal chemistry Pharmacology Fullerene chemistry Polymer chemistry Petrochemistry Dynamic covalent chemistry
Template: Branches of Chemistry
Branches of chemistry
Glossary of chemical formulae List of biomolecules List of inorganic compounds Periodic table
Analytical
Instrumental chemistry Electroanalytical methods Spectroscopy IR Raman UV-Vis NMR Mass spectrometry EI ICP MALDI Separation process Chromatography GC HPLC Femtochemistry Crystallography Characterization Titration Wet chemistry Calorimetry Elemental analysis
Physical
Electrochemistry Spectroelectrochemistry Photoelectrochemistry Thermochemistry Chemical thermodynamics Surface science Interface and colloid science Micromeritics Cryochemistry Sonochemistry Structural chemistry Chemical physics Chemical kinetics Quantum chemistry Spin chemistry Photochemistry Microwave chemistry Equilibrium chemistry
Inorganic
Coordination chemistry Magnetochemistry Organometallic chemistry Organolanthanide chemistry Bioinorganic chemistry Bioorganometallic chemistry Cluster chemistry Solid-state chemistry Ceramic chemistry Materials science Metallurgy Ceramic engineering Polymer science
Organic
Biochemistry Molecular biology Cell biology Bioorganic chemistry Chemical biology Bioorthogonal chemistry Clinical chemistry Neurochemistry Biophysical chemistry
Stereochemistry Alkane stereochemistry Physical organic chemistry Organic reaction Retrosynthetic analysis Enantioselective synthesis Total synthesis / Semisynthesis Medicinal chemistry Pharmacology Fullerene chemistry Polymer chemistry Petrochemistry Dynamic covalent chemistry
Others
Nuclear chemistry Radiochemistry Radiation chemistry Actinide chemistry Cosmochemistry / Astrochemistry / Stellar chemistry Geochemistry Biogeochemistry Photogeochemistry
Environmental chemistry Atmospheric chemistry Ocean chemistry Clay chemistry Carbochemistry Food chemistry Carbohydrate chemistry Food physical chemistry Agricultural chemistry Soil chemistry
Chemistry education Amateur chemistry General chemistry Clandestine chemistry Forensic chemistry Forensic toxicology Post-mortem chemistry
Nanochemistry Supramolecular chemistry Chemical synthesis Green chemistry Click chemistry Combinatorial chemistry Biosynthesis Chemical engineering Computational chemistry Mathematical chemistry Theoretical chemistry
See also
History of chemistry Nobel Prize in Chemistry Timeline of chemistry of element discoveries "The central science" Chemical reaction Catalysis Chemical element Chemical compound Atom Molecule Ion Chemical substance Chemical bond Alchemy Quantum mechanics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_inorganic_compounds
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