The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, or VCSEL /ˈvɪksəl/, is a type of semiconductorlaser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (also in-plane lasers) which emit from surfaces formed by cleaving the individual chip out of a wafer. VCSELs are used in various laser products, including computer mice, fiber optic communications, laser printers, Face ID,[1]and smartglasses.[2]
Diagram of a simple VCSEL structure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical-cavity_surface-emitting_laser
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