Thermal ionization, also known as surface ionization or contact ionization, is a physical process whereby the atoms are desorbed from a hot surface, and in the process are ionized.
Thermal ionization is used to make simple ion sources, for mass spectrometry and for generating ion beams.[1] Thermal ionization has seen extensive use in determining atomic weights, in addition to being used in many geological/nuclear applications.[2]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_ionization
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermionic_emission
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermionic_emission
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