A thermal vacuum chamber is a vacuum chamber in which the radiative thermal environment is controlled.
Typically the thermal environment is achieved by passing liquids or fluids through thermal shrouds for cold temperatures or through the application of thermal lamps for high temperatures.
Thermal vacuum chambers are frequently used for testing spacecraft or parts thereof under a simulated space environment.
A thermal vacuum test chamber, with its door open, at NASA's Johnson Space Center.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_vacuum_chamber
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