Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colourless, flammable, very toxic gas compound with the chemical formula PH3, classed as a pnictogen hydride. Pure phosphine is odourless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odourlike rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane(P2H4). With traces of P2H4 present, PH3 is spontaneously flammable in air (pyrophoric), burning with a luminous flame. Phosphine is a highly toxic respiratory poison, and is immediately dangerous to life or health at 50 ppm. Phosphine has a trigonal pyramidal structure.
Phosphine is also the general name given to the class of organophosphorus compounds of substituted phosphanes—a class of phosphanes in which the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with organic derivative, having a general formula PR3. Organophosphines are important in catalysts where they complex (adhere) to various metal ions; complexes derived from a chiral phosphine can catalyse reactions to give chiral, enantioenriched products.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Phosphane | |
| Other names Phosphamine Phosphorus trihydride Phosphorated hydrogen |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphine
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