09-22-2021-0722 - Real, Actual, Existence, Reality, etc..

Real

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English real, from Old French reel, from Late Latin reālis (“actual”), from Latin rēs (“matter, thing”), from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁ís (“wealth, goods”).

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/real

Actual
From Middle English actual, actuel (“active”), from Anglo-Norman actuel, actual, and its source Late Latin actuālis (“active, practical”), from Latin actus (“act, action, performance”), from agere (“to do; to act”) + -alis (“-al”).
Adjective[edit]

actual (not comparable)
(chiefly theology) relating to a person's acts or deeds; active, practical [from 14th c.] quotations ▼
Existing in reality, not just potentially; really acted or acting; occurring in fact. [from 14th c.] quotations ▼
the actual cost of goods; the actual case under discussion
The actual government expenses dramatically exceed the budget.Synonym: realAntonyms: potential, possible, virtual, speculative, conceivable, theoretical, nominal, hypothetical, estimated
(now rare) in action at the time being; now existing; current. [from 16th c.] quotations ▼
Used as intensifier to emphasise a following noun; exact, specific, very. [from 18th c.] quotations ▼Synonym: presentAntonyms: future, past
Usage notes[edit]
In most Romance, Slavic and Germanic languages the cognate of actual means “current”. This meaning has also been used in English since the sixteenth century but is now rare due to a semantic shift.
The phrase in actual fact has been proscribed by some prescriptivist sources as redundant.[1]

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/actual

Existence
Noun[edit]
existence (countable and uncountable, plural existences)
The state of being, existing, or occurring; beinghood. quotations ▼Synonym: presence
In order to destroy evil, we must first acknowledge its existence.
Empirical reality; the substance of the physical universe. (Dictionary of Philosophy; 1968)

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/existence

Reality is the sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent within a system, as opposed to that which is only imaginary. The term is also used to refer to the ontological status of things, indicating their existence.[1] In physical terms, reality is the totality of a system, known and unknown.[2] Philosophical questions about the nature of reality or existence or being are considered under the rubric of ontology, which is a major branch of metaphysics in the Western philosophical tradition. Ontological questions also feature in diverse branches of philosophy, including the philosophy of science, philosophy of religion, philosophy of mathematics, and philosophical logic. These include questions about whether only physical objects are real (i.e., Physicalism), whether reality is fundamentally immaterial (e.g., Idealism), whether hypothetical unobservable entities posited by scientific theories exist, whether God exists, whether numbers and other abstract objects exist, and whether possible worlds exist.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality

res
Noun[edit]
rēs f (genitive reī); fifth declension
thing, object, stuff quotations ▼
matter, issue, subject, topic quotations ▼
affair, event
story, history
state, republic, commonwealth quotations ▼
deed
circumstances

Pronoun[edit]
res
nothing
(in negative sentences) anything quotations ▼

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/res#Latin

existence
Noun[edit]
existence f (plural existences)
existence
life

Synonym: vie

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/existence

Nothingness
Etymology[edit]
From nothing +‎ -ness.
Noun[edit]
nothingness (usually uncountable, plural nothingnesses)
State of nonexistence; the condition of being nothing. quotations ▼
Void; emptiness.
Quality of inconsequentiality; lacking in significance.
Synonyms[edit]
(state of nonexistence): nihility; See also Thesaurus:inexistence
Antonyms[edit]
(state of nonexistence): existence; See also Thesaurus:existence

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nothingness#English

Invert
Etymology[edit]
Recorded since 1440, from Latin inversus, the past participle of invertere (“to invert”), itself from in- (“in, on”) + vertere (“to turn”).

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inverse

Negative
Etymology[edit]
From Middle English negative, negatif, from Old French negatif, from Latin negativus (“that denies, negative”), from negare (“to deny”); see negate.

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/negative

Zero

Numeral[edit]

zero

The cardinal number occurring before one and that denotes no quantity or amount at all, represented in Arabic numerals as 0.

The conductor waited until the passenger count was zero.

A cheque for zero dollars and zero cents crashed the computers on division by zero.

Usage notes[edit]

In an adjectival sense, used with the plural of a countable noun or with an uncountable noun:

I have zero dollars and zero food.

Synonyms[edit]

0

cipher

nought

nil

no

null

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/zero